ʲôpom?
    pomΪĿģͨ͡xmlʾmavenĿʹpom.xmlʵ֡ҪĿļҪѭĹȱݹϵͳ֯licensesĿurlĿԣԼеĿء
ٲ쿴
<project>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <!-- The Basics -->
  <groupId>...</groupId>
  <artifactId>...</artifactId>
  <version>...</version>
  <packaging>...</packaging>
  <dependencies>...</dependencies>
  <parent>...</parent>
  <dependencyManagement>...</dependencyManagement>
  <modules>...</modules>
  <properties>...</properties>

  <!-- Build Settings -->
  <build>...</build>
  <reporting>...</reporting>

  <!-- More Project Information -->
  <name>...</name>
  <description>...</description>
  <url>...</url>
  <inceptionYear>...</inceptionYear>
  <licenses>...</licenses>
  <organization>...</organization>
  <developers>...</developers>
  <contributors>...</contributors>

  <!-- Environment Settings -->
  <issueManagement>...</issueManagement>
  <ciManagement>...</ciManagement>
  <mailingLists>...</mailingLists> 
  <scm>...</scm>
  <prerequisites>...</prerequisites>
  <repositories>...</repositories>
  <pluginRepositories>...</pluginRepositories>
  <distributionManagement>...</distributionManagement>
  <profiles>...</profiles>
</project>

ݣ
    POMеĿϢ
maven أ
pomСmaven2ԪأgroupId,artifactId,versionҪԪ

groupId:Ŀ֯Ψһ־ʱɵ·Ҳɴɣorg.codehaus.mojoɵ·Ϊ/org/codehaus/mojo 
artifactId: Ŀͨ 
version:Ŀİ汾 
packaging: Ļƣpom, jar, maven-plugin, ejb, war, ear, rar, par 
classifier: 
POMϵ
ҪΪ̳Уϳ
  ϵ
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.0</version>
      <type>jar</type>
      <scope>test</scope>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    ...
  </dependencies>

groupId, artifactId, version:ĿΨһ־
ͨ·ʽаװ

ʹµװ 
mvn install:install-file ?Dfile=non-maven-proj.jar ?DgroupId=some.group ?DartifactId=non-maven-proj ?Dversion=1 
ԼĿ,ãʹdeploy:deploy-file 
ôΧΪsystemһϵͳ·ᳫ
type:ӦƷʽjarwar 
scope:ӦΧµļֱ
compile ĬϷΧڱ 
providedڱ룬֧ڴjdkṩclasspath 
runtime:ִʱҪʹ 
test:testʱʹ 
system:ҪṩӦԪءͨsystemPathȡ
systemPath: ڷΧΪsystemṩӦ· 
optional: עѡĿҲʱʱʹ
   ռ    
   ڸmavenָֻĿصҪڽ汾ͻ
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-embedder</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>
ʾĿmaven-embedderҪĿmaven-coreǲmaven-core

̳йϵ
    һǿı仯,mavenĿ̳СҪã
常Ŀ
<project>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>my-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
</project>
    packaging ͣҪpomparentͺϳɶĿҪӦֵpomĿ̳СҪԪ£

 
ߺͺ 
б 
б 
ִʹӦƥids 
 
Ŀ
<project>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
    <artifactId>my-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
    <relativePath>../my-parent</relativePath>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>my-project</artifactId>
</project>
relativePathԲҪָparentĿ¼ڿٲѯ

dependencyManagement
ڸĿùͬϵҪͬأ汾scope

ϳɣ߶ģ飩
    һĿжģ飬Ҳģ飬ߺϳĿ
µĶ壺
<project>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>my-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <modules>
    <module>my-project1<module>
    <module>my-project2<module>
  </modules>
</project>

build 
    ҪڱãҪԪأbuildreport
  build
    ҪΪ֣ԪغչԪؼ
ע⣺Ŀbuildprofile build
<project>
  <!-- "Project Build" contains more elements than just the BaseBuild set -->
  <build>...</build>
  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <!-- "Profile Build" contains a subset of "Project Build"s elements -->
      <build>...</build>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
</project>

Ԫ
<build>
  <defaultGoal>install</defaultGoal>
  <directory>${basedir}/target</directory>
  <finalName>${artifactId}-${version}</finalName>
  <filters>
    <filter>filters/filter1.properties</filter>
  </filters>
  ...
</build>


defaultGoal: ĬϵĿ߽׶Ρinstall 
directory: Ŀ¼ 
finalName: ļʽ 
filter: ˣ滻Ӧļʹmavenԡplaceholdֵ

Դ(resources)
    ĿҪָԴspringļ,log4j.properties
<project>
  <build>
    ...
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <targetPath>META-INF/plexus</targetPath>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
        <directory>${basedir}/src/main/plexus</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>configuration.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <excludes>
          <exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
        </excludes>
      </resource>
    </resources>
    <testResources>
      ...
    </testResources>
    ...
  </build>
</project>


resources: resourceбڰеԴ 
targetPath: ָĿ·ڷԴbuild 
filtering: Ƿ滻Դеplacehold 
directory: Դڵλ 
includes: ʽЩԴ 
excludes: ųԴ 
testResources: Դб

  buildʱִеĲȽõĲ֣ʹjdk 5.0ȵ
<project>
  <build>
    ...
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <extensions>false</extensions>
        <inherited>true</inherited>
        <configuration>
          <classifier>test</classifier>
        </configuration>
        <dependencies>...</dependencies>
        <executions>...</executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

extensions: true or falseǷװزչĬfalse 
inherited: true or falseǷ˲ýӦpomsЩ̳ڴ˵Ŀ 
configuration: ָ 
dependencies: Ҫİ 
executions: executionĿ꣬һжĿꡣ
£
    <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>

        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>echodir</id>
            <goals>
              <goal>run</goal>
            </goals>
            <phase>verify</phase>
            <inherited>false</inherited>
            <configuration>
              <tasks>
                <echo>Build Dir: ${project.build.directory}</echo>
              </tasks>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
  ˵

id:涨execution Ψһ־ 
goals: ʾĿ 
phase: ʾ׶ΣĿ꽫ʲô׶ִ 
inherited: Ԫһfalse mavenִܾм̳иӲ 
configuration: ʾִе


    pluginManagementͬķʽԪأضĿáм̳ڴĿĿʹáҪĹͬԪ

չԪؼ
ҪµԪأ
Directories
øĿ¼ṹ£
  <build>
    <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
    <scriptSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
    <testSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
    <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/classes</outputDirectory>
    <testOutputDirectory>${basedir}/target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
    ...
  </build>

Extensions

ʾҪչĲӦbuild·

<project>
  <build>
    ...
    <extensions>
      <extension>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.wagon</groupId>
        <artifactId>wagon-ftp</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-alpha-3</version>
      </extension>
    </extensions>
    ...
  </build>
</project>

Reporting
    site׶ضmaven ӦĶƺñ
  <reporting>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/site</outputDirectory>
        <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
        <reportSets>
          <reportSet></reportSet>
        </reportSets>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </reporting>

Report Sets
    òͬĿ꣬Ӧڲͬı
<reporting>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        ...
        <reportSets>
          <reportSet>
            <id>sunlink</id>
            <reports>
              <report>javadoc</report>
            </reports>
            <inherited>true</inherited>
            <configuration>
              <links>
                <link>http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/</link>;
              </links>
            </configuration>
          </reportSet>
        </reportSets>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </reporting>

ĿϢ
name:ĿartifactId⣬Զ
description: Ŀ
url: Ŀurl
inceptionYear:ʼ

Licenses
<licenses>
  <license>
    <name>Apache 2</name>
    <url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>;
    <distribution>repo</distribution>
    <comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>
  </license>
</licenses>

Organization
֯Ϣ
  <organization>
    <name>Codehaus Mojo</name>
    <url>http://mojo.codehaus.org</url>;
  </organization>

Developers
ÿϢ
<developers>
    <developer>
      <id>eric</id>
      <name>Eric</name>
      <email>eredmond@codehaus.org</email>
      <url>http://eric.propellors.net</url>;
      <organization>Codehaus</organization>
      <organizationUrl>http://mojo.codehaus.org</organizationUrl>;
      <roles>
        <role>architect</role>
        <role>developer</role>
      </roles>
      <timezone>-6</timezone>
      <properties>
        <picUrl>http://tinyurl.com/prv4t</picUrl>;
      </properties>
    </developer>
  </developers>

Contributors
  <contributors>
    <contributor>
      <name>Noelle</name>
      <email>some.name@gmail.com</email>
      <url>http://noellemarie.com</url>;
      <organization>Noelle Marie</organization>
      <organizationUrl>http://noellemarie.com</organizationUrl>;
      <roles>
        <role>tester</role>
      </roles>
      <timezone>-5</timezone>
      <properties>
        <gtalk>some.name@gmail.com</gtalk>
      </properties>
    </contributor>
  </contributors>



Issue Management
    صbugϵͳbugzilla,testtrack,clearQuest
  <issueManagement>
    <system>Bugzilla</system>
    <url>http://127.0.0.1/bugzilla</url>;
  </issueManagement>
Continuous Integration Management
Ϲtriggerstimings
  <ciManagement>
    <system>continuum</system>
    <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/continuum</url>;
    <notifiers>
      <notifier>
        <type>mail</type>
        <sendOnError>true</sendOnError>
        <sendOnFailure>true</sendOnFailure>
        <sendOnSuccess>false</sendOnSuccess>
        <sendOnWarning>false</sendOnWarning>
        <configuration><address>continuum@127.0.0.1</address></configuration>
      </notifier>
    </notifiers>
  </ciManagement>

Mailing Lists
  <mailingLists>
    <mailingList>
      <name>User List</name>
      <subscribe>user-subscribe@127.0.0.1</subscribe>
      <unsubscribe>user-unsubscribe@127.0.0.1</unsubscribe>
      <post>user@127.0.0.1</post>
      <archive>http://127.0.0.1/user/</archive>;
      <otherArchives>
        <otherArchive>http://base.google.com/base/1/127.0.0.1</otherArchive>;
      </otherArchives>
    </mailingList>
  </mailingLists>

SCM
  ùcvs svn
  <scm>
    <connection>scm:svn:http://127.0.0.1/svn/my-project</connection>;
    <developerConnection>scm:svn:https://127.0.0.1/svn/my-project</developerConnection>;
    <tag>HEAD</tag>
    <url>http://127.0.0.1/websvn/my-project</url>;
  </scm>

Repositories

ͬsetting.xmlеĿ

Plugin Repositories
ͬ repositories

Distribution Management
÷ַӦĲƷϢ,Ҫڷִmvn deployʾҪλ
1 õļϵͳ
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>proficio-repository</id>
<name>Proficio Repository</name>
<url>file://${basedir}/target/deploy</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
2 ʹssh2
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>proficio-repository</id>
<name>Proficio Repository</name>
<url>scp://sshserver.yourcompany.com/deploy</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
3 ʹsftp
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>proficio-repository</id>
<name>Proficio Repository</name>
<url>sftp://ftpserver.yourcompany.com/deploy</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
4 ʹڵssh
    չָʹwagonsshṩṩļӦԶ̷
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>proficio-repository</id>
<name>Proficio Repository</name>
<url>scpexe://sshserver.yourcompany.com/deploy</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
<build>
<extensions>
<extension>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.wagon</groupId>
<artifactId>wagon-ssh-external</artifactId>
<version>1.0-alpha-6</version>
</extension>
</extensions>
</build>

5 ʹftp
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>proficio-repository</id>
<name>Proficio Repository</name>
<url>ftp://ftpserver.yourcompany.com/deploy</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
<build>
<extensions>
<extension>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.wagon</groupId>
<artifactId>wagon-ftp</artifactId>
<version>1.0-alpha-6</version>
</extension>
</extensions>
</build>

repository ӦĿ⣬ûϢͨsettings.xmlеserverȡ

Profiles
settings.xmlеprofiles˼Ԫأµʽ
  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>test</id>
      <activation>...</activation>
      <build>...</build>
      <modules>...</modules>
      <repositories>...</repositories>
      <pluginRepositories>...</pluginRepositories>
      <dependencies>...</dependencies>
      <reporting>...</reporting>
      <dependencyManagement>...</dependencyManagement>
      <distributionManagement>...</distributionManagement>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
