日前，中共中央、国务院发布的《关于加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的意见》（以下简称《意见》）要求：“到2030年，重点领域绿色转型取得积极进展，绿色生产方式和生活方式基本形成，减污降碳协同能力显著增强，主要资源利用效率进一步提升，支持绿色发展的政策和标准体系更加完善，经济社会发展全面绿色转型取得显著成效。”《意见》进一步强调，到2035年我国主要资源利用效率达到国际先进水平。

围绕资源节约集约高效利用问题，本论文探讨了全球超过100个国家1970至2016年间资源效率变迁及其社会经济影响因素。研究通过生产和消费指标评估资源效率，揭示了反映经济和人口背景多样性的四种不同发展轨迹。结果显示，经济增长和技术进步显著提升了资源效率，但这些因素的影响因国家的收入水平、人类发展指数和人口老龄化程度而异。研究强调，制定资源效率策略需考虑每个国家和地区的特定发展阶段和人口特征，为全球资源可持续利用提供了新的策略和视角。

Title: Nuanced strategies for material efficiency: Addressing developmental heterogeneities and socio-economic shifts

Abstract: This study examines the socio-economic factors influencing material efficiency in over 100 countries from 1970 to 2016, amidst growing material consumption and environmental concerns. It assesses material efficiency using production and consumption metrics, revealing four distinct trajectories reflecting diverse economic and demographic contexts. The research shows that globally, economic growth and technological advancement significantly enhance material efficiency. However, the effects of such factors vary greatly by income, human development level, and aging demographics. As countries advance in income and human development, and as their populations age, the beneficial effect of economic growth on material efficiency diminishes. Conversely, the positive impact of technological progress intensifies with higher levels of human development. Moreover, as societies age, population growth shifts from hindering to promoting material efficiency, especially in "super-aged" societies. The findings highlight the need for context-specific strategies for material efficiency, acknowledging the unique stages of development and demographics of each country.

Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344924004166